How do hedge fund investments differ from unit trust investments?

Key takeaways

Key differences between unit trust funds and retail and qualified investor hedge funds relate to:

  • How much the funds can borrow to invest or gear.
  • How much of the fund value the manager estimates could be at risk.
  • How much the funds can invest in unlisted instruments that can be difficult to value.
  • The time it can take to get your money out of the fund.
  • How often the fund is priced and the frequency of the disclosures to the regulator on the holdings.

 

The differences between unit trust funds and the two types of hedge funds, and the strategies they can use, are tabulated below:

 

 

Unit Trust Fund Retail Hedge Funds Qualified Investor Hedge Funds
What investment strategies are allowed and what is the investment risk? These funds do not leverage or gear and they do not short securities.

They can only use derivatives to protect the fund against a fall in the market.

You can never lose more than you invest.

These funds can short securities and use derivatives to leverage or gear the fund up to two times the value of the fund.

They can invest in unlisted instruments.

Depending on the strategy, these funds may be more volatile than unit trusts.

You can never lose more than you invest.

These funds can short securities and use derivatives to leverage or gear the fund within the limits of their mandate as approved by the FSCA.
Depending on the strategy, these funds may be more volatile than retail hedge funds.

You can never lose more than you invest.
How often will the fund report what it is invested in (its holdings) to the FSCA Monthly Monthly Up to quarterly
What is the maximum the fund can hold in unlisted securities? 10% of the fund A maximum of 20% in unlisted transferable equity securities, as long as these securities are negotiable, can be independently valued, and do not compromise the ability of the portfolio to meet its liquidity terms. No restrictions
How quickly I can get my money out? Within 48 hours It can take up to a month depending on how often the fund allows you to invest and disinvest (with the FSCA’s approval) It can take up to three months depending on how often the fund allows you to invest and disinvest (with the FSCA’s approval)
How often is the value of the units calculated? When a fund holds securities that are difficult to value it will calculate the price or net asset value less frequently. Daily Daily or monthly, depending on how often the fund has chosen to allow you to disinvest (with the FSCA’s approval) Daily, monthly or quarterly depending on how often the fund has chosen allow you to disinvest (with the FSCA’s approval)